Secure and Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Trust-Based Optimization
Keywords:
Wireless Sensor Networks, Trust-Based Optimization, Secure Routing Protocol, Energy-Efficient Communication, Packet Delivery RatioAbstract
Wireless Sensor Networks have become one of the most important technologies in modern communication systems because of their ability to support real-time monitoring, intelligent automation, environmental observation, healthcare applications, military surveillance, industrial management, and smart infrastructure development. Wireless sensor nodes are generally deployed in distributed environments where communication takes place through wireless links without centralized infrastructure. Although wireless sensor networks provide several advantages in communication and monitoring applications, they also face many critical challenges associated with routing security, limited energy resources, packet transmission reliability, communication delay, malicious attacks, and unstable network topology. The presence of malicious communication nodes may significantly affect network performance by creating packet dropping attacks, black hole attacks, wormhole attacks, spoofing attacks, and unauthorized communication interception. Similarly, excessive communication overhead and repeated packet retransmissions consume significant energy resources and reduce the operational lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, developing secure and energy-efficient routing mechanisms has become an important research area in wireless communication systems.
The present research focuses on the development of a secure and energy-efficient routing protocol using trust-based optimization techniques for wireless sensor networks. The proposed routing framework combines trust evaluation, secure route selection, energy-aware communication mechanisms, and optimized packet forwarding strategies for improving communication reliability and network security. Trust-based optimization allows the routing protocol to identify reliable communication nodes and isolate suspicious or malicious devices from communication operations. The proposed system continuously evaluates communication reliability based on packet forwarding behaviours, communication consistency, residual energy, packet delivery performance, and routing stability. The routing protocol selects communication paths with higher trust values and lower energy consumption in order to improve packet transmission efficiency and extend overall network lifetime.
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