Different Types of Combinational Circuit based on Reversible Gate: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Reversible logic has emerged as a promising paradigm in low-power digital system design due to its ability to minimize information loss and reduce energy dissipation. As conventional logic circuits face increasing challenges related to power consumption, heat generation, and scalability, reversible computing offers an efficient alternative for applications in VLSI design, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical information processing. Combinational circuits designed using reversible gates play a vital role in the development of energy-efficient digital systems. Various reversible gates such as Feynman Gate, Toffoli Gate, Fredkin Gate, Peres Gate, HNG Gate, and Double Feynman Gate have been extensively employed to realize combinational circuits including adders, subtractors, multiplexers, decoders, encoders, comparators, and arithmetic logic units.

This systematic review presents a comprehensive analysis of different types of combinational circuits based on reversible gates reported in recent literature. The review examines the design methodologies, performance parameters, and optimization techniques used in reversible combinational circuit design. Key evaluation metrics such as quantum cost, gate count, garbage outputs, constant inputs, propagation delay, and hardware complexity are discussed and compared across various implementations. Furthermore, the study highlights the advantages, limitations, and emerging trends in reversible logic-based combinational circuit design. The findings indicate that reversible gates significantly contribute to power-efficient computation and provide a strong foundation for future developments in quantum and next-generation computing systems. This review serves as a valuable reference for researchers and designers working in the fields of low-power VLSI design, reversible computing, and quantum technologies.