Literature Survey on Dark Matter, Dark Energy and their effect on the overall geometry and fate of the Universe

Abstract

Dark Matter and Dark Energy make up 95% of our universe, the parts which are invisible to the eyes. In the currently popular ‘concordance model’ of the Universe, 68% of the cosmos is thought to be dark energy, 27% dark matter and 5% baryonic (visible, normal) matter (See Fig 1.1). Dark Matter and Dark Energy shape up our universe, deciding its future – whether it is torn apart in a Big Rip, i.e., the expansion accelerates so much that it tears itself apart into oblivion, or if it would simply go on in a series of Big Bangs and Big Crunches. In this research, we shall take a closer look at what are dark matter and dark energy, and how will they alter the growth of massive structures like galaxies, alter the shape of the universe, and help in predicting its destiny