An Experimental Investigation on M-30 Grade Concrete Prepared by Partial Replacement of Cement with Polypropylene Fiber, Coconut Shell Ash and Colloidal Nano Silica

Abstract

Alternative materials that may partly replace cement while preserving or improving concrete performance are being investigated in response to the growing need for sustainable building. In order to produce M-30 grade concrete, part of the cement was replaced with polypropylene fiber (PPF), coconut shell ash (CSA), and colloidal nano silica (CNS). To increase energy absorption capacity, ductility, and fracture resistance, polypropylene fibers were added. Cement use and environmental effect were decreased by using coconut shell ash, an agricultural waste with pozzolanic qualities. Colloidal nano silica was used to improve early-age strength, optimize pore structure, and speed up hydration because of its ultra-fine particle size and strong reactivity. Experimental research was conducted to examine the combined effects of these materials on workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and durability (acid and alkali resistance). According to the results, a mixture of 1% to 1.5% of each ingredient produces the best mechanical performance, showing respectable resistance to harsh chemical conditions and notable gains in compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths when compared to traditional M-30 concrete. This study shows that PPF, CSA, and CNS may be used as sustainable partial cement substitutes in structural applications.