Socio-Economic Pragmatism in the Novels of Chetan Bhagat and Aravind Adiga
Keywords:
Socio-economic pragmatism, Social mobility, Economic inequality, Class disparity, Pragmatic decision-makingAbstract
Socio-economic pragmatism is a defining thematic concern in the novels of Chetan Bhagat and Aravind Adiga, both of whom present contemporary Indian society through distinct yet complementary narrative lenses. Bhagat’s works, such as Five Point Someone and 2 States, reflect the aspirations and struggles of India’s burgeoning middle class, emphasizing practical decision-making in the face of educational pressure, career uncertainty, and social expectations. His characters often adopt a pragmatic approach to overcome systemic challenges, prioritizing employability, financial stability, and personal relationships over idealistic pursuits. Through accessible language and relatable scenarios, Bhagat highlights the compromises and adaptive strategies required for upward mobility in a competitive socio-economic environment.
In contrast, Adiga’s novels, particularly The White Tiger and Selection Day, present a darker, more critical perspective on socio-economic realities. Adiga explores the stark inequalities and structural constraints embedded within Indian society, where pragmatism often manifests as moral ambiguity or survival-driven opportunism. His protagonists navigate oppressive systems marked by class disparity, corruption, and limited social mobility, revealing how socio-economic conditions shape individual choices and ethical boundaries. Unlike Bhagat’s relatively optimistic outlook, Adiga underscores the harsh consequences of systemic injustice, portraying pragmatism as a tool for both empowerment and exploitation.
Together, these authors provide a comprehensive portrayal of socio-economic pragmatism in modern India. While Bhagat focuses on negotiation within the system to achieve success, Adiga exposes the necessity of subverting or confronting the system itself. Their works collectively illuminate the complex interplay between ambition, morality, and socio-economic constraints, offering valuable insights into the evolving dynamics of Indian society.
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