Performance Evaluation of DIO Suppression Attacks in RPL-Based IoT Networks

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in a wide range of applications; however, their open and resource-constrained nature makes them vulnerable to various security attacks, which can significantly degrade network performance and reliability. One such attack is the DIO suppression (silencing) attack, which specifically targets the Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). This study aims to investigate the impact of the DIO suppression attack on RPL performance and to evaluate the effectiveness of the NLBGNDO routing algorithm in mitigating this attack. To achieve this objective, a detailed and accurate model of the RPL protocol and the DIO suppression attack is developed within a simulation-based modeling framework. The proposed framework integrates the NLBGNDO algorithm, which is designed to enhance routing security and efficiency in RPL-based networks. Key performance metrics including packet delivery ratio, route stretch and energy consumption are measured and analyzed under both normal network conditions and attack scenarios. The results provide critical insights into the vulnerability of RPL to DIO suppression attacks and demonstrate the capability of the NLBGNDO algorithm to reduce their adverse effects. Specifically, the packet delivery ratio reflects the impact of the attack on data transmission reliability, while the route stretch metric evaluates routing efficiency under malicious conditions.