Substance Abuse among Adolescents: A School-Based Prevalence Study in West Bengal

Abstract

Substance abuse among adolescents has become a major public health concern, particularly in regions undergoing rapid socio-cultural change such as West Bengal. Adolescence is a critical developmental stage marked by increased vulnerability to experimentation and risk-taking behaviours, including the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other psychoactive substances. The present study aims to assess the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse among school-going adolescents using a descriptive research design. Primary data were collected from a sample of 500 students selected through stratified random sampling from secondary and higher secondary schools. A structured questionnaire was used to gather information on demographic characteristics, types of substances used, age of initiation, frequency of use, influencing factors such as peer pressure and family environment, and awareness regarding harmful effects. The findings reveal a significant prevalence of substance use, with tobacco and alcohol being the most commonly consumed substances, and factors such as peer influence, curiosity, and psychological stress playing a key role. The study emphasises the need for school-based awareness programmes, counselling services, and parental involvement to prevent substance abuse and promote healthy behavioural development among adolescents.