The Role of Physical Exercise in Managing and Preventing Obesity

Abstract

Obesity has become one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide, resulting from an imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure. This study explores the role of physical exercise in managing and preventing obesity, emphasizing its physiological, psychological, and preventive benefits. Using a quantitative descriptive research approach, data were collected from 300 participants representing various age and gender groups. The results revealed that individuals engaging in regular exercise—especially combined aerobic and resistance training and high-intensity interval training (HIIT)—experienced significant reductions in Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage, and overall obesity risk. Statistical findings showed that increased exercise frequency and duration strongly correlated with improved metabolic efficiency, enhanced energy levels, and sustained weight loss. In addition, regular physical activity contributed to better mental health outcomes, including reduced stress and higher motivation to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The study concludes that physical exercise is not only an effective intervention for obesity reduction but also a preventive mechanism that supports long-term wellness and quality of life. It recommends that policymakers, educators, and healthcare providers promote active living through community-based programs and awareness campaigns. Overall, exercise remains a cornerstone strategy in combating the global obesity epidemic and achieving sustainable health outcomes.